Quick Care Facts

Water Type
Freshwater
Minimum Tank Size
75 gallons (280 liters)
Care Level
Moderate
Temperament
Semi-aggressive
Temperature Range
74-81°F (23-27°C)
pH Range
6.0-8.0
Adult Size
10-14 inches (25-35 cm)
Diet
Carnivore/Omnivore; accepts pellets, earthworms, insects, and frozen preparations.

Overview & Characteristics

A highly intelligent, personable South American cichlid known for interacting with keepers and reorganizing decor.

Behavior & Schooling: No, can be kept singly or as a bonded pair in very large tanks.

Water Parameters & Environment

Stable water parameters are critical for long-term health. Avoid rapid fluctuations in temperature and pH when performing routine water changes.

  • Temperature: 74-81°F (23-27°C)
  • pH Range: 6.0-8.0
  • Water Type: Freshwater
  • Minimum Volume: 75 gallons (280 liters)

Diet & Tank Mates

Dietary Needs: Carnivore/Omnivore; accepts pellets, earthworms, insects, and frozen preparations.

Compatibility: Best kept with other robust cichlids or large robust catfish; will eat small tankmates.

Temperament: Semi-aggressive.

Health & Sensitivities

Susceptible to hole-in-the-head disease (HITH) if water filtration and diet quality are deficient.

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Editorial methodology

Aqua AI species profiles are compiled from canonical database records, taxonomy standards, and verified captive husbandry guidelines. Captive water ranges represent general baseline parameters; always observe livestock behavior and perform regular water tests.